|
Urgent and Massive Transfusion
Blood Transfusion
Urgent transfusion refers to administration of Red Blood Cells
Obstetric Transfusion Practices and Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Blood Transfusion
Fetal red cells commonly contain red cell antigens inherited from the father that are lacking in the mother
Pediatric Transfusion Practices
Blood Transfusion
Two types of anemia develop in premature infants.
Management of Platelet Alloimmunization
Blood Transfusion
Patients who repeatedly fail to achieve a therapeutic increment
Solid Organ Transplantation
Blood Transfusion
The transplantation of solid organs, such as kidney, heart, lung, and liver, poses different challenges for transfusion therapy.
Therapeutic Apheresis
Blood Transfusion
Therapeutic apheresis involves the separation and removal of one or more abnormal constituents
Administration of Blood
Blood Transfusion
The most common cause of fatal hemolytic transfusion reactions is the misidentification of either the blood unit or the recipient.
HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS
Blood Transfusion
Hemostasis refers to the physiologic mechanisms that result in the control of bleeding.
Platelet Disorders
Blood Transfusion
In contrast, accelerated destruction of peripheral blood platelets, (consumptive or immune disorders) is more difficult to treat with transfusions because
Congenital Disorders of Coagulation
Blood Transfusion
von Willebrand's disease is one of the most common of the hereditary hemostatic disorders.
Acquired Disorders of Coagulation
Blood Transfusion
Therapy must be individualized, and it always requires consultation with a hematologist with expertise in the treatment of hemophiliacs
Disorders of Fibrinolysis and Other Contraindications
Blood Transfusion
The most common inherited thrombophilic disorder (1-8.5% of Caucasians are heterozygotes), is a mutation in the DNA encoding
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION
Blood Transfusion
Blood transfusions can be associated with various untoward reactions. These reactions can be acute or delayed, and may occur
Delayed Transfusion Reactions
Blood Transfusion
Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) are produced when transfused red cells induce an antibody response in a recipient days or weeks after the transfusion episode
HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS
Blood Transfusion
Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) may be obtained from the patient (autologous), from an identical twin (syngeneic), or from a related or unrelated individual (allogeneic).
Marrow
Blood Transfusion
Marrow may be obtained from autologous, syngeneic, or allo-geneic donors. It is harvested from hematopoietically active, readily accessible skeletal sites, usually the iliac crests in adults.
Umbilical Cord Blood Cells
Blood Transfusion
Cord blood obtained from a delivered placenta is known to be rich in early and committed progenitor cells.
Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Blood Transfusion
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein growth factor that stimulates the division and differentiation of committed red cell precursors in the marrow.
Transfusion Therapy in HPC Transplantation
Blood Transfusion
Prior to transplantation, cellular blood components should be leukocyte-reduced to prevent alloimmunization and, in susceptible hosts, CMV transmission.
|
